Guillotine knife hydraulic clamp



y 12, 1953 f F. w. SEYBOLD 2,638,166

GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP Filed Aug. 20, 1948 13 Sheets-Sheet lea 35" e0 INVENTOR- I $858576}? 14. 653690130 J ATTORNEYd' May 12, 1953F. w. SEYBOLD GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP l3 sheets sheet 2 FiledAug. 20, 1948 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY? May 12, 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP l5Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 20, 1948 INVENTOR. F15Z7E$6Yf W (SEJBOLD BYWW5 ags v ikik 189W ATTORNEYQS y 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD 2,638,166

GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP Filed Aug. 20, 1948 l3 Sheets-Sheet 4 xX w m WWWW ATTORNEY' F. w. SEIYBOLDI 2,638,166

GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP May 12, 1953 Filed Aug. 20, 1948 15Sheets-Sheet 5 Q "1 INVENTOR.

BY ATTORNEYd' May 12, 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD 2,633,166

GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP Filed Aug. 20, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet a 1v INVENTOR 1 MW I ATTORNEYJ May 12, 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD GUILLOTINE KNIFEHYDRAULIC CLAMP l3 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Aug. 20, 1948 INVEN'IOR.FQMEQ/Qi W (YES BOLD BYWV Ri May 12, 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD GUILLOTINE KNIFEHYDRAULIC CLAMP 13 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Aug. 20, 1948 INVE zv'rgaoL D K35051210!" W. (555 I BY @WY A T'I'OR NE Yd May 12, 1953 F. w. S EYBOLDGUILLQTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP 1s Shets-Sheet 9 Filed Aug. 20, 1948ATTORNEYJ y 2, 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD -2,638,16,6

GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP Filed Aug. 20, 1948 13 Sheets-Sheet l0INVENTO R. rqzmyzcx w: (ms/201 1 ATTORNEW May 12, 1953 F. w. SEYBOLD2,638,166

GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP File d Aug. 20, 1948 r 15 Sheets-Sheet11v ATTORNEYJ' F. W. SEYBOLD GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMP May 12,1953 13 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed Aug. 20, 1948 I NV E N TOR.

W JED/BOLD mm lnw Patented May 12, 1953 GUILLOTINE KNIFE HYDRAULIC CLAMPFrederick W. Seybold, Westfield, N. J., assignor to E. P. Lawson 00.,Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application August 20,1948, Serial No. 45,285

12 Claims. 1

My present invention relates to guillotine type paper cutters and moreparticularly to hydraulically operated clamping means therefor.

Essentially my invention contemplates connecting the knife driving meansto theclamp through 7 .a telescoping fluid-filled cylinder andcontrolling the fluid in the cylinder so that hydraulically multipliedclamping force is obtained during the cutting stroke while neverthelessthe clamp may be moved down by gravity and without hydraulic pressureduring necessary operations preceding the cutting stroke.

The primary object of my invention is the provision of a novelguillotine-type knife and associated hydraulically operated clampingmechanism.

Another object of my invention is the provision of hydraulic clampoperating means whereby a telescoping connection between the knife drivemechanism and the clamp is controlled by admission of hydraulic fluidunder pressure to one side or the other of the tube.

Another object is the provision of a hydraulic connection between theknife driving member and the driven member of the clamp comprising aclosed tube on one of the members with suitable posts at each end and apiston slidable in the tube and connected to the other member whereinadmission of fluid under pressure on one side or the other of the pistoncontrols the operation invention will become apparent in the followingdescription and drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a front view of my novel paper cutter.

Figure 2 is a view corresponding to that of Figure 1, with a part of thefront broken away in order to show a portion of the hydraulic system.

Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the hydraulic system of myinvention.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken from line 4-4 of Figure 2looking in the direction of the arrows. The Vertical section through thehydraulic system in Figure 2 is taken from line 2-2 of Figure 4 lookingin the direction of the arrows. I

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken from line 5-5 of Figure 4looking in the direction of the arrows. The cross-section line 4-4 in.Figure5 indicates the line in which the horizontal section of Figure 4is taken. Figure 6 isa rear view of my knife mechanism with a portion ofthe housing removed showingthe driving means for the knife blade and the,tegral with the fly Wheel [4.

interconnection of this driving means with the drive for the clamp butomitting portions of the clamp driving mechanism.

Figure 7 is a front view of mynovel machine showing the combined drivemechanism for the clamp and knife blade. I

Figure 8 is a schematic fragmentary view taken from the front of mynovel mechanism showing the clamp operating elements lifted out of thestructure of Figure 7. 7

Figure 9 is a schematic view of the clampdriving elements of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a front view of the knife driving elements lifted out ofthe combined view of Figure 7.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of the elements of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a detailed view in perspective of the drive for the knifeof my novel cutting machine.

Figure 13 is a chart showing the various operations of my novelhydraulic system. 1

Figure 14 is an enlarged front view partly in transverse verticalsection of a portion of Figshowing primarily the knife drivingelementsof my novel device, the motor l0 through its pulley II and beltsl2, drives the pulley 13 which is in- Fly wheel l4 rotates freely on themain drive shaft I5 (see also Figure 12) of the machine. The driveshaftYlS is provided with clutch and brake elements as well as withoverload protective elements of the vtype shown in my application SerialNo. 673,289 ,filed May 23, 1946 which matured into Patent No. 2,570,873dated October 9, 1951. l

The specific clutch and brakeelementsused, as well as the specificoverload protective ele- ,ments used, form no part of the present inven-,tion and therefore require no specific description here.

The clutch and brake elements serve, however, to connect flywheel M toshaft l5 at the beginning of a cycle and to disconnect flywheel M fromshaft IE5 at the end of a cycle.

It should be understood, however, that the Gear 16 on shaft l5 mesheswith gear I! (Figure 12) on sleeve I50, rotatably mounted on shaft 18,carried in bearing l5l on plate I52. Sleeve I50 carries gear I53 whichmeshes with planetary gear I54 mounted on stud I55 on plate I52.Planetary gear I54 meshes with internal gear I56 carried by knife driveshaft I8. When shaft I5 is rotated, its gear I6 drives gear I! on sleeveI50, driving ear I53 on sleeve I50 and through gear I54 drives gear 156on shaft I8 to drive the knife and clamp in the manner hereinafterdescribed. Where resistance is encountered by the knife, gear I54 on itsstud I55 causes the plate I52 to rotate around sleeve I50 against thecompression of spring I51. This operation is also described in myapplication Serial No. 673,289.

The knife drive shaft it carries at the forward end thereof the crank Mlwhich is pivotally connected at the crank pin 2! to the knife draw bar22, the length of which may be made adjustable in any suitable manner,as by the threaded connection at 56!] (Figure 10) The upper end of theknife draw bar 22 is pivotally connected by the tit 28 in the clevis atat the right of the knife bar 25 with respect to Figures 7 and 10. Thusa single rotational cycle of the knife drive shaft IE will rotate thecrank 2%? to pull the draw bar 22 down, therefore pulling down therighthand end of the knife loar 25, and then will raise the par 22 toforce the right-hand end of the knife car up.

The opposite and 2% of the knife bar is simultaneously pulled down bythe heavy arm 2?, the up per end of which is pivotaliy connected by thecentric pin 2% in the clevis 2i) at the left-hand end of the knife barwith respect to Figures 7, l6; and 11. Pin 2-8 (Figure 10) is eccentricand adjustable in knife 'bar- 25 to permit adjustment of arin 2] tocorrespond to the adjustment at It'll at the rightside. Gear F5? on pinmeshes with worm I62, carried in bracket I53 and having the hexa gonal'end: see which may he rotated by a wrench to cause gear I'ii'i and pin2-8 to rotate to vary'the djus m n Arm 21 rotates, counterclockwise withrespect to Figures 7, re and l1- sinrultaneously with the downwardmotion of the draw bar 22. 'l?he arm 2 is then rotated clockwisetora-i'se the left-hand end 26 0f theknife, bar 25 simultaneously withthe upward." or returnpsticke of" the draw bar-Z2.

This unison, of motion is achieved by placing additiunalcrank Mat. therear endof theknife drive shaft lfiwhich is-keyed to'theshaft it; Theouter end of, crank 35- is, pivotally connected by crank pin 35, to theconnecting rod 37 which comprises the, parallel bars and 39, connectedand biased by the, bracingbarsv 4B and 4 I at opposite b; 41 at. theleft side is carriedfby the pin" 43 which is pivotally connected to theend of" the lever 44. Lever 44 is keyed" to the shaft'lii'; to whichinturn the arnr 21 is keyed: Therefore rotation of the knife driving shaftItl in add tion, to rotating crank' 211130 pull down the drawbar*.*2*also-rotates-c1ank=-35 totpullt'h'e composite connecting ro'dr3-1 -'to theright with respect to Figureslo'and 11.

This results in pulling thelower end-0f" lever motile-right and resultsincounterclockwise rotation of :shaft, 4 51- and" correspondingcounterclockwise rotation of the arnr 2'? 1 with respect to Figures 10and 11. Therefore simultaneously witrrthe down-ward motion of drawpart2, the pin raiand'the l'eft hand end 2t oftlre'knife bar 25 isdrawndownwardly: The counterclockwise rotation of thearm :2? causes theknife bar 25 to swing l'aterally to the left asit is being pulled new-n;thereby-- producing the-proper" transverse Pinzflli'c'arrie's thebracing bar liilf Bracing I motion of the knife bar 25 for efficientcutting while the knife drive shaft It moves through the first halfcycle. Further rotation thereof causes the bar 22 to he pushed up,pushing up the righthand end of the knife bar 25.

At the same time the passage of crank 35 through the second half of thecycle causes it on continuation of its movement to push the compositeconnecting rod 37 to the left, thereby reversing the operation of shaft45 and causing it and the arm 2? to rotate in a clockwise direction tolift up the left-hand end 26 of the knife bar 25 simultaneously with therise of the right-hand end of the knife bar 25. The knife bar is thuspushed up simultaneously at both ends and swung at the same timelaterally to the right during this rising motion in order to be readyfor the next operation 1 The clamp operation is shown in Figures 7, 8and 9. Arm #4 and the end member II of the composite connecting rod 3!are pivotally connected by pin '43 also to the iston rea off the piston5i which in turn isslidable in the cylinder 52. The end of cylinder 52has an extension 53 which is pivotally connected at 54 to the 55 keyedto the shaft 56. Shaft 56 carries the lever 51 keyed thereto. Lever 5'!is pivdtally conn cted by pin 58 to the connecting link 59. Link '59 ispivotally connected by pin 50' to the bellcifa'fik lever 6i which isfree to rotate on the shaft 62 secured in the frame of the machine. I.

The opposite end of lever 6! is connectedby pin 53 to the pulldown link64 which is pivotally'connested at 65 to the right hand end of cla1i1ii56 (with respect to Figures '7, 8 and 9). The cdnnection at 65 to theclamp 6t and the conneetion at the opposite end of the clamp hereina 'idescribed may take any form "which may be desired such as the adjustableconnection described in my aforementioned application Serial No.673,289.

The clamp as well as the knife bar may also have the specificconstruction described in the aforementioned application and may slidein channels and guides of the specific shape and formation thereindescribed. Such specificgguide means and such specific connectionsrequire no further description here since they form no part of thepresent invention.

B el'l crank lever 61 has a depending arm 10' arid its lower end isconnected by pin 1' I to" urea-on- "n'ecting link i2 which iri turn isconnected by pin 1-3 to the bell crank T4; Bell'c'r'ank I4 i's'providedwith the bore PB-which is a loose rota'table' fit around the shaft at.

The upper end it of hell crank 14 is connected by pin H to thepull downbar 18 which urn is pivotally connected at T9 to the left ha ifd' -ericlorcla'mp EEi When now the knife bar 25 is drawn sewn, so that theconnecting rod 37- and the lower'end of arm M is moved to tl'i'erightwith respect to'F'igures l; S 'andQ; pin lt is forced to the right,pushing' the piston rod as to the right with respect to thesefigures;

Assuming for thetime being that piston rod" '50, piston 5%, cylinder 5and cylinder extension' 53 are a single solid unit, the movement ofpi'stonrdd 50" to the right and downward with respect to Figure 9'results in co'rre'spondir igcounterclockvli'se-rot'ation of arm 55' andin corresponding retat-ionof shaft iili-a'ndle'ver 57-. This causes'tlie link 59 to rise, therebyrotating"the lever 5 F counterclockwise tolift" thepin th ther-ear and te dwer 64, pulling down the right-hand endof the clamp 65. I i

The counterclockwise rotation of bell crank lever 6| causes the arm IIIto rotate similarly moving the pin 'II and the connecting link I2 to theright and causing the bell crank lever "-16 to rotate counterclockwise,thereby pulling down pin 'I'I', pull bar I8, and therefore pulling downthe left-hand end of the clamp 66 together with the right-hand end.

On a reversal of movement of arm 44 so that the lower end thereof movesto the left in the manner previously described in connection with theoperation of the knife bar, and again treating the hydraulic elements50-5I--5253 as a single solid connection, the operation of arm 55 andlever 5!, link 59, lever BI and pull bar 64 is reversed to raise theright-hand end of clamp 66; the arm III has its lower end rotated to theleft pushing the connecting link I2 to the left, rotating the bell cranklever 14-16 clockwise and pushing up the pull bar I8 and the left-handside of the clamp.

Thus during asingle cycle of operation of the knife a lowering of theknife is accompanied by a lowering of the clamp and a raising of theknife is accompanied by a raising of the clamp. The elements arearranged and timed so that the clamp engages the paper surface beforethe knife enters the paper and leaves the paper surface after the knifehas risen above it.

The elements must also be so arranged that the clamp may be caused todescend independently of the knife. That is the principal reason why thebell crank lever 14-1t is a rotatable fit around the shaft 45 and is notkeyed-thereto.

Bell crank lever 74-46 may as readily be rotatable on another pivot butfor convenience in constructing the mechanism, it has been mounted forrotation around shaft 45.

The connection 43--5Il--5I-52-53-54 from the knife operating mechanismto the clamp in order to operate the clamp in synchronism with theoperation of the knife is a hydraulic connection as above noted in orderto obtain properly controlled clamping pressure and to permitindependent operation of the clamp.

The present structure which includes piston 5| and cylinder 52 in themechanical path from the knife operating apparatus to the clampoperating .means provides a simplified hydraulic method for controllingthe clamping pressure. This is accomplished by the valve controls of thehydraulic system shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5, the hydraulic connectionsshown in Figures 1 and 2, and the hydraulic system generally illusstrated schematically in Figure 3, all of which must be taken togetherwith the chart of Figure 13.

Referring first to the schematic view of Figure 3, it will again be seenthat arm 44 keyed to shaft 45 is connected by pin 43 to piston rod 50 ofthe piston 5i, which in turn is slidable in th hydraulic cylinder 52.The opposite end of the cylinder 52 has a connection 53, the right-handend of which is pivotallly connected by the pin 54 to the arm 55 keyedto the shaft 56which operates the clamping mechanism as previouslydescribed.

The operation of the hydraulic system is controlled by valves Al, A2, Band C and their associated conduits and valve seats, all of which arecontained in the housing 80 located at the front of the machine. Thehydraulic system also includes a reservoir 8I and an accumulator handend of the reservoir 8|.

The? accumulator is provided iv'vith-apiston 83 biased toward the rightby the compression spring 84, captured between the left-hand wall .85 ofthe accumuator and the piston 83. The upper or left-hand end of thepiston 5| is provided with the flexible hose X connected to the opening86 at the upper or left-hand end of cylinder 52.

The lower or right-hand end of cylinder 52 is provided with the flexiblehose K connected in any suitable manner to theopening 81 at the lower orright-hand end of cylinder 52.

Flexible hose X is connected to passage L within the valve housing whichin turn is connected to valve seat LI of valve B and valve seat L2 ofvalve A2. Flexible hose K is connected to a T coupling T2. One outlet ofthe coupling T2 is connected to passage V in th valve housing 80; theother outlet is connected to conduit U. Conduit U is connected by the Tcoupling T3 to conduit III which leadsinto the right-hand endiln of theaccumulator and to conduit S which in turn is connected to the Tcoupling T4.

A needle valve G and a check valve D are provided in conduit or pipe Ubetween the T couplings T2 and T3, the check valve being located closerto the coupling T3 and the needle valve G being located between thecheck valve D and the coupling T2. Passage RI in the valve housing 88 isconnected between valve B and the T coupling T4. The remaining openingof the T coupling T4 is connected by pip Rv to the three-way valve E sothat when valve B is, open, the upper opening 86 of cylinder 52 may beconnected through elements X, L and LI through valve B and elements RIand T4 to the accumulator 82 and also through element T4 and pipe R tothe three-way valve E.

Passage V in valve housing 80 is connected by passage VI to one side ofvalve AI and when valve AI is opened the lower opening 81 is connectedthereby to passage WI to the pipe W which in turn is connected by the Tcoupling TI to th pipes Z and Q. Thus when valve AI is open, the loweropening 81 of cylinder 52 maybe connected by the elements T2, V, VI andvalve AI to elements WI, W and TI to both elements Z and Q.

Likewise when valve A2 is open, the upper opening 85 of the cylinder 52is connected by the elements X, L, L2 and valve A2 and conduit W2 to thepipe W, and also to the coupling TI and hence to pipes Z and Q. Anadditional conduit or passage V2 in the valve housing 80 is connectedfrom passage V to the valve C and then through pipe N to the check valveF and thence through pipe P to the three-way valve E. Pipe Z isconnected by the T coupling T5 to the pipe ZI which leads to opening 92at the left- Coupling T5 is also connected to the pipe Y, the end of;which may be provided with a suitable removable closure so that thereservoir 8| may be filled with oil. The reservoir BI is also providedwith a vent 94 through which excess oil or air may escape.

Pipe J connects opening 95 in reservoir ill with opening 96 at theleft-hand end 85 of the accumulator 82. The three-way valve is providedwith the three positions I, II, III, indicated 70 the 'one hand, andpipes R and P. Position III '7 makes valve E the equivalent of a "1'coupling in which pipes Q, R and P are connected to each other.

Valve E" may be turned to any of the three positions by operating itshandle H10. Needle valve G may be adjusted to the proper opening tocreate the appropriate pressure differential on opposite sides thereofby rotation of handle NH. Valves Al and A2 comprise a single bodyoperated together. Valve B is a separate element, worked howeversimultaneously with valves AI and A2. The valve C is independentlyoperable. When the valve element Al is in the up position, it is closed,while when valve A2 is in the up position it is open; also when valve Alis in the down position it is open, and when valve A2 is in the downposition it is closed.

Consequently whenever valve Ai is open, valve A2 is closed, and viceversa.

Valve B is closed when it is in the up position and is open when it isin the down position. Since valves Al, A2 and B are moved up and downsimultaneously, valves M and B either close or open together and valveA2 is open when valves A! and B are closed and is closed when valves Aiand B are open.

The check valve D prevents flow from the accumulator 8'2 down to theopening 8'! of cylinder 52 so that the hydraulic fluid may only flow inan upward direction through the pipe U from opening 81 to the couplingT3. Check valve F permits only a downward flow from pipes P to N therebypermitting a flow from the reservoir B l to the opening 81 at the lowerend of cylinder 52 when valve C is open and valve E is in position I orIII.

A pump may, if desired, as shown in Figure 3, be provided betweenreservoir 8i and the pressure side H2 of accumulator 82, to the right ofpiston 83. This will permit the immediate es-.

tablishment of pressure in chamber H2 after a shut-down of the machinewithout the necessity for operating the clamp up and down a few times tocreate the pressure.

I. Foot trcadle operation to lower the clamp The operation of the foottreadle He and the operation of the actuating elements for controllingthe valves .Al ,.A2, B and C will be described after the operation ofthe valves themselves to control the flow of hydraulic fluid and themovement of the clamp are described.

As will be readily understood, the piston 83 under the pressure ofcompression spring 84 creates a predetermined degree of fluid pressurein section H2 of the accumulator between the piston 83 and theright-hand Wall 90 thereof. When now the valves are operated accordingto the tabulation shown in Figure 13 so that valve Al is closed, A2 isopen, 13 is closed and C is open, and the three-Way valve is in positionI of Figure 3, the clamp may be moved down by operation of the foottreadle H independently of the knife. This is so because the piston maymove freely with respect to themovement of the clamp. The clamp 66descends, therefore, by gravity.

With valve B closed, the connection from the accumulator wherein the oilis under pressure through pipes Li, L and X to opening 86 at the upperor left-hand end of the cylinder 52, is closed and no oil under pressuremay enter at that end. With three-way valve E in the position of FigureI, accumulator pressure oil cannot pass through couplings T3 and T4 andpipe R to the bottom opening 81 of the cylinder. Check valve D preventsany flow down the pipe U from the accumulator 82 to the opening 81. Theopening of valve 0 permits reservoir oil to flow through elementsZi-T5ZTI-Q-three way valve E-elements PF-N-CV2-V and T2 through the hoseK to the opening 81.

Thus reservoir oil may enter the lower or righthand end of cylinder 52as the cylinder is pulled down by the weight of the clamp 66 to theright with the piston stationary. Since valve A2 is open, oil may flowreadily out of opening 86 through elements XL-L2--A2-W2-W to coupling Tlwhere the fluid from opening 86 mixes with the reservoir oil.

In other words, both openings 83 and 81 are connected to the reservoir8! by opening valves A2 and C and closing valves Ai and B. Since,however, both connections to the reservoir 8| are through the couplingTl, a closed fluid circuit may be regarded as being established fromopening at through elements X-L-L2-A2- W2-W-Ti QE--P-F-NC- V2VT2 and K,to opening 81.

Consequently the pressure on opposite sides of the piston 5! isreservoir pressure or at the very least the pressure is equalized andcylinder 52 may slide readily with respect to the piston 5| even thoughthe piston is held stationary.

The clamp may therefore be brought down by foot treadle.

II. H ydmuiic lifting Or return stroke of the clamp When it is desiredthereafter to raise the clamp, the hydraulic pressure attained by thecompression of spring 8 3 against piston .83 in the accumulator isutilized therefor.

For this purpose valve Ai is open, valve A2 is closed, valve B is openand valve C is closed. To accomplish this result, valves Al, A2 and Bare moved down and valve C is moved up. This power return stroke of theclamp by operating valves Al, A2 and 18 down and valve C upis usedwhether or not the clamp has been brought down by foot treadle or bypower. In other words, the return stroke of the clamp is always a powerstroke. Thus no manual or pedal strength is required to lift the weightof the clamp and no return spring is required for the clamp.

In order to use fluid under pressure to lift the clamp after thecylinder 52 has been moved to the right with piston 5i stationary, it isnecessary to move the cylinder 52 to the left while the piston 5iremains stationary. For this purpose it becomes necessary to introducefluid under pressure from the accumulator 82 into the opening 86 and asthis fluid under pressure causes the left-hand end of the cylinder tomove up and to the left, it is necessary simply to permit oil to drainthrough opening 8? from the right-hand lower end of cylinder 52.

The'opening of valve Ai establishes a connection between the reservoirBi and opening 8'! at, the'right-hand lower end of cylinder 52 fromaces-,reo

reservoir 8|, opening 92 and elements Z|T5-- Z--T|-W-W|-A|--V|-V-T2 andK. Consequently, as the cylinder 52 moves to the left with piston 5|stationary, oil may drain out of the bottom end of the cylinder. Theclosing of valve A2 cuts off the connection between opening 86 at; theupper end of the cylinder and the reservoir 8|. The opening of valve Bpermits oil under pressure to flow from the compression chamber H2 ofthe accumulator 82 to the opening 86 at the top of the cylinder over thepath U|--T3S--T4--R|BLl L-X to openin 86. Valve C is closed and in theup position since it is not needed owing to the fact that it is inparallel with valve Al. The check valve D prevents a downward flow fromthe pressure chamber N2 of the accumulator 82 to the openin 81 of thelower portion of the cylinder 52.

The thre-way valve E remains in position I, checkvalve F has no functionsince valve is closed. Therefore by moving the valves Al, A2, B and C toa position where valves Al, A2 and B are down and valve 0 is up(therefore opening valves AI and B and closing valves A2 and C), oilunder pressure is introduced through opening 86 to the upper portion ofcylinder 52 to the left and oil bleeds out of the bottom of cylinder 52through opening 81 to permit this movement to the left; arm 55 isrotated clockwise in the opposite direction from that in which it wasoperated to lower the clamp; and the clamp is now raised.

As previously pointed out, the mechanism is so arranged that valves Al,A2 and B are driven down and valve C pulled up at the completion of thepower cutting strokes so that the clamp may automatically be raised, orvalves Al, A2 and B may be moved down and valve C up at the will of theoperator after he has moved the clamp down by foot treadle or othermanual means in order to raise the clamp once more preliminary to acutting stroke.

The clamp must be free to be moved down either by power or by foottreadle so that the operator may move theclamp down from time to timewithout going through a cutting stroke in order to use the edge of theclamp to deter mine that the stack of sheets to be cut is lined upproperly.

III. Power operation of clamp during cutting stroke The clamp, ofcourse, may also be driven down by a power operation in which case theoperation is such that the pressure of the clamp on the sheets'is afunction of the resistance to oil flow through needle valve G, producinga clamping pressure. This additional pressure or power may be obtainedafter the clamp has been lowered so that the clamp may first be loweredby foot treadle and then instead of being raised, the power cuttingoperating stroke may be started in whichcase this power cuttingoperating stroke hydraulically controls the clamping pressure.

In order to use hydraulic power to bring the clamp down or to exertclamping pressure, valves Al, A2, B and C are operated so that Al, A2and B are moved to the up position, thereby opening valve A2 and closingvalves Al and B; and valve C is moved down to open.

i It will be obvious that when the clamp is being subjected to a powerstroke, the piston is being moved to the right. If the oil or fluidbelow the 10 piston 5| cannot escape through opening 81, then themechanical pressure of piston 5| on the oil will drive the right-handend of cylinder 52 down and to the right thereby rotating arm 55 in acounterclockwise direction or in a direction to operate the clamp down.

If in addition hydraulic fluid under pressure is introduced throughopening 81, then the mechanical pressure of piston 5| is augmented bythe introduction of the fluid under pressure through opening 81 to drivethe cylinder 52 to the right by a greater distance than would bepossible solely by the mechanical operation of piston 5| to the right.At the same time the fluid in the upper portion of cylinder 52 above thepiston 5| must. be able to exhaust through opening 88.

The closing of valve Al shuts off the connection between the reservoirand opening 81 at the bottom end of the cylinder 52 closing off the pathreservoir-92-Z |T5-Z--T| W-W H- AIV|VT2-K8'|. The closing of valve Bcuts off the connection between the accumulator and the opening 86 atthe upper portion of the cylinder 52 by closing the path ||2--U|-T3--S--T4R|--B-L|--L-X-86.

Although valve C is open, back flow from opening 87 to the reservoir orthe accumulator is prevented by check valve F. Valve A2 is open toconnect the top of the cylinder by opening 86 to the reservoir 8| overthe path 92-Z|-T5-- Z-T|--W-W2A2L2 LX-86. Oil may now exhaust from theupper end of the cylinder as required by movement of the cylinder 52 tothe right.

The check valve D permits the upward flow from opening 8'! to theaccumulator 82 through the path 8lK-T2--U--G--DU-T3-U|- Three-way valveE is in the position I of Figure 3, the check valve F has no functionsince valves C and Al are closed. i v

The needle valve G creates a pressure differential between the hose Kand pipe U so that the pressure in the lower section of the cylinder 52below the piston 5| may be higher than the accumulatorpressure in thepressure chamber N2 of accumulator 82. This increased pressure is ofcourse achieved by the movement of piston 5| downward and to the right.

The clamping pressure exerted on the clamp is therefore much higher thanthe actual pressure in the accumulator.- In the case of a high stack ofsheets where increased clamping pressure is desired, the clamp will stopat a higher point and the arm 55 will cease to rotate at an earlierposition while piston 5| will be pushed fully to the right at everyknife stroke since the knife must go through the entire pile. As theknife drives its way through the pile, the pressure of piston 5| againstthe now stationary or almost stationary lower endof cylinder 52 willincrease the pressure in the lower end of cylinder 52 thereby increasingclamping pressure in proportion to the additional distance which theknife mustgo through over that which the clamp must travel through.Therefore the higher the pile, the greater the clamping pressureachieved Check valve D permits the oil to flow upwardly after it hasbeen. forced through needle valve G into pipe U back to the accumulationcompressing the spring 84, creating a clamping pressure in the cylinderbelow the pistonflwhich is; higher than the accumulator pressure owingto the re- .sistance to the flow created by the specific ad- 11 justmentof needle valve G to the flow of oil in response to the pressure of thepiston.

IV. Clamp driven down while the foot treadle is held down During theoperation of my novel machine, occasions will frequently arise where theoperator will desire to bring the clamp down first to the paper stack bymeans of the foot treadle in order to be sure that the line-up of thepaper is accurate and true; and when he finds that the paper is in theright position, it is no longer necessary for him to bring the clamp uponce more to perform the cutting stroke, but he may operate thenecessary elements to perform the cutting stroke.

In this case, while the clamp is down it is necessary to increase thepressure on the clamp in accordance with the movement of the knifethrough the stack of paper and also in accordance with the degree ofresistance encountered by the knife on its movement into the stackofpaper.

For this operation, as shown in Figure 13, valves Al, A2, and B are inthe up position and valve C is down. Therefore, valve Al is closed, A2is open, B is closed, C is open. The three-Way valve E is in position Iof Figure 3.

As was previously pointed out, the introduction of oil under pressure inthe portion of cylinder 52 below the piston Si or any other increase inpressure therein will drive the cylinder 52 to the right to rotate thearm 55 in the direction to increase the pressure on the clamp. At thesame time, means must be provided to permit oil to exhaust from theportion of the cylinder above the piston so that the cylinder mayreadily move to the right.

For this purpose, the closing of valve Al cuts the connection betweenthe reservoir and the bottom of the cylinder closing the path fromreservoir 8 i-9 2Z i-T5-Z--T I --W--W l-A'I VlVT2--K81.

The opening of valve A2 opens an oil passage between the top of thecylinder and the reservoir from opening 86 over the path XLL2-A2- W2-WTi -ZT5Z l --T2-reservoir 8 i The closing of valve B cuts off theconnection between the accumulator 82 and the top of the cylinder overthe path U iT3-S-TllRl-B-- LlL-X86.

Valve was in the open and down position owing to the fact that valvesAl, A2, B, and C are all in the position in which they were placed byoperation or" the foot treadle HQ.

The opening of valve C permitted the reservoir oil, as was previouslypointed out, to move from the reservoir down past the check valve F tothe hose K and opening 8! in the bottom of the cylinder, therebypermitting the foot treadle to shift the clamp downwardly while at thesame time moving the cylinder 52 to the right and down while the pistonremains stationary.

When, however, it is necessary to utilize oil under pressure in theportion of cylinder 52 12 pressure in the cylinder below the piston,driving the cylinder to the right and hence rotating arm 55.

By this means, therefore, clamping pressure is obtained, which pressureis a function of the adjustment of needle valve G.

V. Machine at rest with the clamp up In this case, as seen by thenotations in the chart of Figure 13, valves Al, A2, and B are .in thedown position and valve C is in the up position.

Therefore, valves AI and Bare open and valves A2 and C are closed.

The accumulator pressure is thus available to the top of the cylinderthrough opening 86 over the pathaccumulator 82-UlT3-S-'T4 R l --BL l-X.86

This drives the cylinder 52 up and to the left, rotating arm 55 to aposition where the clamp isheld up at its maximum point and the cylinder52 is stationary at its maximum displacement to the left.

Reservoir pressure is available to the bottom of the cylinder throughreservoir '8! over the path -..92Zl T5 -Z Tl -WWi --.AI V! V TF2 K 81.This pressure differential holds the clamp up.

It will be here noted that when the clamp is operated as in column 3 ofFigure 13 for a regular power operation, the stroke of piston 51 to movethe cylinder 52 to the right and, therefore, rotate arm 55 in theclamping direction is such as to drive the clamp down ahead of the knifeso that the clamp engages the paper first.

During the return stroke as in column 2 of Figure 13, the stroke in theopposite direction is so arranged that the clamp will leave the paperonly after the knife has left the paper pile.

VI. Clamp moved down by the foot treadle without a power stroke butadditional hydrauiic power required In this case the foot treadle isoperated just as in the first operation described for foot treadleoperation to close valves Al and B and open valves A2 and C. The piston51 obviously remains stationary since the knife is not being operated.

In order to obtain the necessary hydraulic pressure to move the clampdown by a pressure greater than its own weight would ordinarily produce,it is necessary that fluid under pressure enter the portion of cylinder52 below the piston 5| through opening '81.

Where the operator desires to work the machineso that the ioot-treadleoperation will produce this increased preliminary pressure, the handleI60 of three-way valve E is adjusted from position I to position 11 ofFigure 3. This closesthe connection to the reservoir at the three-wayvalve E and connects the accumulator to opening 81 at the bottom ofcylinder 52 over the following path: Ul--T3S-T4-R.-position II'ofthree-way valve EP--F--NC--V2-V-T2 K81--52.

The opening of valve A2 leaves the opening 86 at the top of the cylinder52 connected to the reservoir. Thus, the accumulator pressure drives thecylinder down to drive the clamp down.

The clamp may be returned once more to its upward position by releasingthe foot treadle, or by going through the power stroke which thenoperates by clamping pressure since check valve F prevents back flowthrough valve E to the accumulator and pressure is obtained by theresistance of needle valve G.

Three-way valve E has the additional position III which connects theaccumulator to the reservoir for relieving the pressure in theaccumulator.

This permits initial filling of the hydraulic system so that the entiresystem may be filled with fluid and permits the fluid to be drained offwhere required.

At the time the three-way valve E is opened to position III for thispurpose, the filling opening Y should actually be closed with asufficiently pressure tight closure.

Accumulator pressure will then drain backwards over the pathUlT3-S--R-position III of three-way valve E-Q-Tl-Z-T-Zl- 92 into thereservoir.

If there happens to be more fluid in the system than the reservoir alonecan handle, then the excess will exit through the vent 94.

The connection J between openings 95 in the reservoir and 96 in theaccumulator permits reservoir oil to enter behind piston 83 of theaccumulator as the spring 84 drives the piston 83 to the right, therebyavoiding any vacuum or low pressure which would prevent movement ofpiston 83 to the right; and when piston 83 is moved of piston 83 maybleed off freely back to the reservoir through pipe J, thereby avoidingany back pressure on piston 83.

A small leakage path around the piston 83 may be provided at themid-position of the piston in the accumulator so that when the piston ispushed back close to its ultimate left-hand position, the front face ofthe piston will then uncover bleed ports to the path thereby preventingthe building up of a resistance in the accumulator higher than theresistance of valve G.

The handle 20!) (Figures 1, 2 and 14) which operates the knife mechanism(and which may be connected thereto inthe manner described in the abovementioned application) also operates the clamping mechanism. Handle 20!]is a lever pivotally mounted at 20! on the frame of the machine andhaving an extension 202 for operating valves A, B and C and anadditional extension 203 for locking the same so that two-hand operationis necessary.

When handle 2% is pushed down, this motion is resisted by latch 2Mengaging detent 201 in lever extension 203. Latch 254 is on the end ofrod 205 slidable in sleeve 20% and biased toward engagement by spring2%, thereby normally preventing downward movement of handle 200. Bellcrank lever 2H3 is pivotally mounted at 2H on the frame and is connectedat 2 l2 to the rod 205. When handle 213, carried by lever 2H1, isrotated clockwise, lever 2H) rotates similarly to pull latch 204 out ofdetent 201, thereby pe-rm1tting handle 200 to be moved down.

Since both handle 2H3 and handle 20!] must be rotated simultaneously,the safety feature of twohand operation is obtained.

Extension 282 of handle 2M9 has a pin 2 i 4 (Figure 14) extending inslot 2H: of link 256 which in turn is pivoted at ill to cross bar 2 28which operates valves A and B. When handle 2% is pulled down, liftingpin 2 I4, pin 2H1 lifts against ledge 2i5a of slot 2th, in link 2H5, tolift link 2 It, cross bar H8 and valves A and B. Pivot 2H is connectedby link 22!! which is connected by lever '14 22f to link 222 connectedto valve C. Consequently, when cross bar 2 I8 is raised, lifting valvesA and B, link 222 is pushed down, lowering valve C.

At the end of the cutting stroke, abutment 2Z5,

7 carried by lever 21, strikes ledge 228 of link 2l6,

pushing it to the right where portion 2 I 51) of slot 2 l 5 registerswith the pin 2 l4, permitting link 2 I6 to fall down and moving valves Aand 13 down and valve C up.

Foot treadle H0 is essentially a bell crank lever, pivotally mounted atthe front of the machine andhaving an inward extension 230 (Figures 1and 14) bearingunder pin 23i between link 22D and lever 22| to lift link2l6 when the foot treadle H6) is pushed down.

In the foregoing I have described my invention in connection with apreferred embodiment thereof. Since many modifications and variationswill now be obvious to those skilled in the art I prefer to be bound notby the specific disclosures herein contained, but only .by the appendedclaims.

I claim:

1. Reciprocating operating mechanism comprising a verticallyreciprocating first member; driving member-s therefor and a verticallyreciprocating second member; means connected between the driving membersfor the first member and the second member for driving the secondmember; said means including a fluid filled coupling between the drivingmembers for the first member and the second member; said fluid filledcoupling comprising a reciprocating driving member connected to andmovable by the driving means for the first member and a reciprocatingdriven member connected to the second member; a fluid connection betweenthe driven member and the driving member; said fluid connectiontransmitting the force of said driving member to said driven member foreach direction of movement of said driving member; said fluid connectioncomprising a pair of separate fluid chambers, one transmitting forcefrom the driving member to the driven member for one direction ofmovement of the driven member and the other transmitting force from thedriving member to the driven member for the opposite direction ofmovement of the driven member and control apparatus for supplying fluidunder pressure to either chamber for moving the driven member in thedirection determined by the chamber to which said fluid under pressureis supplied.

2. Reciprocating operating mechanism icomprising a vertically,reciprocating first member; driving members therefor and a verticallyreciprocating second member; means connected be tween the drivingmembers for the first drivin member and the second member for drivingthe second member said meansincluding a fluid filled coupling betweenthe driving members for the first member and the second member; saidfluid filled coupling comprising a reciprocating driving memberconnected to and movable by the driving means for the first member and areciprocating driven member connected to the second member; a fluidconnection between the driven member and the driving member; said fluidconnection transmitting the iorce of said driving member to said drivenmember for each direction of movement of said driving member; said fluidconnection comprising a pair of separate fluid chambers, onetransmitting force from the driving member to the drivenmeinber for onedirection of movement of the driven member and the other trans-

